Laura,
Jill,
A.P.U.S.H.
Period 4
2
May, 2002
DBQ
Timeline Project
Timeline
of Important Events Involving American Nationalism from 1810-1860
1810-1860: Americanization of Slaves – As time progressed, despite the halt of slave importation as called for by the Constitution, the number of slaves vastly increased through natural reproduction and eventually there were more blacks than whites in the South. However, by 1860, these blacks could no longer call themselves Africans. At this point, their religions, cultures, and languages had assimilated themselves into the white American society. Despite their oppression, the blacks’ devotion to their new nation matured, thus inspiring a sense of nationalism within the majority of the black populace (Bailey 371).
1812:
The War of 1812 occurs. This was a war fought between the United States,
and
the newly jointed British and Indians. The American people felt there was
only
one way to wipe out the Indians, and that was to attack their Canadian
base. The
War of 1812 has long been considered America’s worst fought war due to
the
confusion and chaos that took place. The American army was weak, and by
1814
the United States found they had to defend their own soil against the
British.
Although America had been defeated, this war gave the people a sense of
unity.
The War of 1812 sparked a period of nationalism due to the unity it gave
the
people.
1812- Change in art. From portraits to capturing the American landscape. Institutions involved in this style were the Hudson River school and Rocky Mountain school. Hudson River excelled in landscape painting. The change was from portraits of people to paintings of the ‘beautiful American landscape’(Bailey 347); from artists needing to go to England to sell their work, to it becoming popular in the US.
1819- University of Virginia founded. Thomas Jefferson designed it. It is famous for it quadrangle, one of the best examples of classical architecture in the US. He dedicated the school to freedom from religious or political bondage, modern languages, and emphasized greatly on the sciences. This was one of the first state supported universities. Federal land grants helped the growth of state universities
1820- Washington Irving published The Sketch Book. Including, “Rip Van Winkle” and “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow.” These stories combined American and English themes to make immortal Dutch-American tales. Some of the first American ‘tales.’
1821- Emma Willard opened the Troy Female Seminary. It was one first schools of secondary education for women at the time. People thought women should be at home learning needlepoint instead of at school learning algebra. Began to give women’s schools a name, as well as respect.
1823: American's migrate west to the present day Texas area, Mexico does little to stop the migration. More land was becoming open to the American people after the Lewis and Clark expeditions, and the people took advantage of it.
1824:
The American System is proposed by Henry Clay. This system was made up of
three parts. The first was a banking system which would provide
accessible and
plentiful credit. The second part was a protective tariff, which would
help eastern
manufacturing prosper. The money gained from the tariff would support the
third
aspect of the system: a network of roads and canals. These passages would
travel
mainly through the Ohio Valley, and would carry food and other supplies
from
the South and West, to the North and East. This system helped promote
nationalism by developing the nation and giving Americans more opportunities.
1830- Mormon Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints formed, by Joseph Smith. His preaching, especially of his acceptance of polygamy, caused an uproar in the East. So they moved to the Salt Lake City Valley, where they could practice their faith in peace. Their success was caused by their strong sense of community
1830: President Jackson signs an Indian removal act, opening more land for the white American settlers. Jackson, an Indian fighter himself, wanted to get rid of the illiterate and uncivilized Indian tribes lurking along the east coast before having settlers move out west, so he made the Indians move out west.
1831: The Liberator
– This publication by William Lloyd Garrison shaped the foundation known as
radical abolitionism. A staunch supporter of freedom, he fiercely opposed the
“poisonous weed of slavery” and was determined to eliminate it. Like Harriet
Beecher Stowe who succeeded him with her novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin, The
Liberator was a voice of freedom that was heard around the world, and it
emblazoned many abolitionists in the North who cried for the nationalistic
view of freedom (Bailey 372)
1832-1833: Country rallies behind President Jackson in the South Carolina nullification crisis. U.S. and South Carolina come to peaceful terms in the Compromise Tariff of 1833. South Carolina, not happy with the power the Federal Government was attaining, decided to nullify the tariff passed in 1832, which was the highest tariff yet in our nations history at the time.
1836:
Battle of Alamo and San Jancinto wins Texas independence from Mexico. Bank of
the United States expires, fear of bad economy. Texas was taken from Mexico in a
rebellion of white Americans, later Texas joins on to the Union with America,
this opened up land for more Americans and lead to high nationality, while
urging Mexico further from peace with America.
1837:
United States recognizes the Republic of Texas but does not annex it. Friendly
terms are agreed upon between the two nations, to keep Mexico on America's good
side for a while.
1837-1842: Festering British-American Tensions – After two Anglo-American wars, tensions existed between the United States and Great Britain, and they swelled to dangerously large levels during this period. However, despite this period of elevated strains in relations, America held its head high, and did not bend its will, even in the face of the gargantuan British Empire. Due to the bulging spirit of nationalism, America was able to further assert its independence in the area of foreign affairs (Bailey 382-383).
1840-1860: Uprising of Manifest Destiny – Beginning in the 1840’s, one of the most significant manifestations of nationalism occurred: Manifest Destiny. Manifest Destiny classifies the era when Americans felt as if the continent of North America was theirs. Americans felt themselves to be so superior to all other nations that they felt that all other powers on the continent should yield their land to America. This aura of intense jingoistic sentiment was reflected in nearly all diplomatic overtures of the era, including the issues of Texas, Oregon, California, and the Mexican-American War (Bailey 387-388).
1840: President Van Buren establishes a ten hour work day for federal employees, helping the quality of American life.
1840: King Cotton – After the introduction of Eli Whitney’s cotton gin, cotton production exploded in the South. By 1840, the South accounted for more than half of the world’s cotton supply, which consequently held several other nations in partial oppression regarding cotton. This essentially coined the term “King Cotton”. Since “Cotton was King,” it instilled a sense of superiority within the South, thus fueling a nationalistic fervor within the South (Bailey 360-361).
1842:
Massachusetts declares labor unions legal through the supreme court ruling
Commonwealth v. Hunt.
1845: The Annexation of Texas – In 1836, American settlers in
Mexican-held Texas revolted after experiencing oppression from the tyrannical
dictator Santa Anna, thus creating the Lone Star Republic. After nine turbulent
years, the United States annexed the Lone Star Republic, creating the state of
Texas. This event indicates the aura of nationalism that encompassed the
Americans in the area. They refused to succumb to the coercion they faced under
Mexican rule, and rose up in their own defense (Bailey 385).
1846: Mexican-American War – The Mexican-American War resulted from growing tensions created by the issue involving Texas, and despite its controversial start, it provided an embarrassing defeat to Mexico. This conflict represents the flourishing sentiment of the nationalistic Manifest Destiny: as opposed to working to a collective international agreement to achieve their objective, America simply did what was in its own best interests and swiftly took the territory they desire through military means, thus satisfying the nationalistic Manifest Destiny (Bailey 391-398).
1846: Oregon Country – After decades of joint America-British
occupation, the situation of Oregon became a controversy. The controversy was
who should control what. While a compromise was eventually formed, splitting the
territory roughly even, there were many dissenting American voices, fueling the
growing fire of Manifest Destiny. Several demanded that America gain sole
control over the territory, signifying the stirring nationalism present in the
country at the time. Those individuals questioned why we should give up our
land, and roared that we should not let the British control us, as we are our
own country (Bailey 385-390).
1848: Acquisition of California – The nationalistic attitude
carried by this event is closely intertwined with the nationalism associated
with the Mexican-American War. In addition to being jingoistic in its methods of
acquisition, it also demonstrates the nationalistic fervor in the sense that it
helped fulfill the dream of Manifest Destiny: to have territory stretching from
the eastern seaboard to the western seaboard. By having California and Oregon
territory under their control, Americans felt that they had partially satisfied
their quest to be the dominant power on the North American Continent (Bailey
393).
1850: Clayton – Bulwer Treaty: This Treaty suppressed the crisis of Britain and the United State’s argument on the control of Nicaragua. It stipulated that neither America nor Britain would fortify or secure exclusive control over any future isthmian waterway. This agreement seemed necessary then to halt the British, but proved to be cumbersome later to Americans with the Panama Canal. This is nationalistic in the sense that it demonstrates the United States continuing desire to keep European powers out of the western Hemisphere. This trend is seen through out the century.
1852:
Harriet Beecher Stowe publishes Uncle Tom’s Cabin: This book was influenced by
the wickedness of the Slave Fugitive Law, which required run away slaves in the north to be brought back to the south if caught. Based on a religious theme, Stowe explained that, “God wrote it.” This book supposedly could’ve started and finished the war, but either way, it laid out the ideals moral ness that Americans should have with blacks that eventually brought back the nation again, thus overflowing with nationalism.
1853: Gadsden Purchase. Secretary of War Jefferson Davis (later president of confederates) bought part of Mexico for $10 million. It allowed for the southern Railroad to be completed. This purchase demonstrated the United States expansionistic tendencies at the time. Ever sine colonial times and post-revolutionary times, the Manifest Destiny has influenced the American people into expanding. This example illustrates it.
1856: John Brown leads raid to Pottawatomie Creek in Kansas. John Brown was a militant abolitionist who flared up many conflicts between the blacks and whites. He supplied Indians and Blacks with weapons and lead them to kill their masters. He parallels the original American who was fighting for freedom from England back in 1776. Even though people of the time may or may not have agreed with him, the ideas or philosophy he used to justify his means are based upon the ideals and philosophies that the United States was built upon.
1857: Dred Scott Decision: ruled that Dred Scott was a black slave and not a citizen, and hence could not sue in federal courts. This was done under chief justice Taney. This greatly effected the United States’ nationalism, because little was wrote about slaves in the constitution (save 3/5 compromise), and this as one of the interpretations of it. Interpreting the constitution to suit one’s needs was and still is common practice for the congress of the United States. Laws under the constitution were created, but are open completely for interpretation, and that characterizes the United States.
1858: Lincoln-Douglas Debates: At this time, the Unites States was torn on several slavery issues. Lincoln challenged the Kind of Popular Sovereignty to several debates dealing with slavery around the time of the election. This helped develop the American people’s choice for who to vote for in the up coming election. This started the trend of presidential debates which was still have today and characterize the way that the United States runs its country. (thus is nationalistic).
1858-1866: First transatlantic cable, Pony express established, first transcontinental telegraph, permanent transatlantic cable established helping communication throughout the U.S. Communication gets America going faster as a more productive nation, and helps to rise even more nationality.
Causes, Effects, and Impacts
Americanization
of Slaves:
·
Slave
importation ended in the early 1800’s as mandated by the Constitution (political),
consequently severing the refreshing flood of the African cultures.
·
Eventually,
their beliefs were molded after that of their masters. The blacks developed
their language, religion, and general way of life.
War
of 1812:
·
The
United States had tensions with Great Britain following the Revolution
·
The
Indians began to act up against the United States
·
A large
amount of Native Americans lived in Canada
·
Great
Britain began to team up with the Native Americans
·
Politically:
·
The
Government wished to escape roadblocks with expansion
·
The State
had more say than the federal government
·
Economic:
·
The
United States wanted to expand and gain more territories
·
Canada
had nice soil that could easily be used for farming
Change
in Art:
·
Painting
was sparked by a rush of nationalism after the War of 1812
·
Was used
to show America at its best
University
of Virginia founded:
·
After the
Second Great Awakening, higher education was becoming more
popular, and with the state support and land grants, schools could more
easily be
built to accommodate this need- political,
economical
Washington Irving Publishes:
·
Strong
boost of Nationalism after the War of 1812
·
Gave
America literature to match landscape
Emma
Willard opened the Troy Female Seminary:
·
The
denial of women to have higher education sparked an interest in women for
secondary education
·
Many
colleges for women began to open. Some men’s schools even let women in
The
American System:
·
America
had a heightened sense of nationalism after the revolution and the War of 1812
·
A lot of
expansion could occur with the high American pride
·
Henry
Clay was someone involved with politics and very dedicated to his nation
·
Politically:
·
The
government wanted to keep the high nationalism in the nation
·
Expanding
and creating a system to do so would only help the nation’s economy
·
Economic:
·
The
Nation was developing rather rapidly
·
Faster
transportation and the means to create such a thing became more and more
necessary
·
A back
with credit and a protective tariff would help the nation and it’s people
prosper
Migration west:
·
Americans
felt it was their right and their destiny to colonize America to the Pacific
Ocean, this was done by removing Indians to a specific area, and settling in the
Texas area, this let a strong nationalistic feeling
·
Currency
is spread to throughout the country- economic
·
People
quit jobs to move out west and homestead or mine
·
Beginning
of strong currency flow out to California- economic
·
Supported
by both parties, Democratic and Federalist or Whig- political
·
Allowed
for territories to open up, giving rise to new politicians- political
·
New realm
of territorial politics later scene in political compromises- political
South
Carolina Nullification Crisis:
·
The north
and the west were brought together on common beliefs. They rallied together
behind President Jackson when South Carolina nullified the tariff that had just
been passed. While this might have brought some division in the nation it also
contributed to strong nationalistic ideals.
·
The
tariff was going to be upheld through compromise
·
The
tariff was good for north, but was not as good for the south
·
The
tariff of abominations, 1828, helped raise U.S. dollar- economic
·
Jackson
was seen as a hard Democrat- political
Economy of the Jacksonian era:
· Jackson vetoes national bank, bank expires but the community still thrives due to the American Industrialization
· Industrialization proves that the bank is not necessary for America.
·
Democrats
win a big one over the nonexisting federal party- political
Jacksonian-Van
Buren transportation and communications:
·
U.S.
dollars put into internal growth of transportation and communication helping the
American economy and life style to thrive
·
Business
is more productive due to this- economic
·
More
money flow throughout the nation, nation is overall a bigger producer in goods
and more efficient- economic
·
Internal
improvement cost a pretty penny
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints:
·
Formed in
response to divine revelation(Joseph Smith)
Forced to migrate because of strong opposition in
East and Midwest- social
The
liberator:
·
Partially
inspired by the Second Great Awakening, which opposed slavery.
Created to voice the level of contempt that the
growing number of radical abolitionists held against the cruelties and
inhumaneness of slavery- social
Annexation
of Texas:
·
In the
early 1800’s, American settlers trickled into Texas to acquire territory.
·
Many
settlers infuriated by acts declared by Santa Anna, including a prohibition of
slavery- social
·
Independence
of Texas, resulting in the Lone Star Republic
·
In 1845,
Texas is formally annexed by the United States- political
Early
labor rights:
·
Ten hour
work day for the federal workers and legal labor unions start a labor rights
trend that would continue for the rest of American history, and changing
Americans life styles- styles
Clayton
– Bulwer Treaty:
·
President
Pierce’s Administration was very expansionist and wanted to expand into
southern and central America- social/
political
·
Southerners
and their planter aristocracy wanted the land to grow stuff- economic/
social
·
America
seemed to have more power over land below them and didn’t want Europeans
touching it. – political/ economic
·
isolationism-
with trying to keep out all of these foreign countries, the United States set
themselves up for a long period of non intervention with foreign affairs and
vise versa
· This Treaty made Panama Canal very hard to get around. It made the issue sluggish, when it shouldn’t have been- political, social
Publification
of Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s
Cabin:
·
Slave
Fugitive Law- this law greatly influenced her, she wanted to demonstrate how
cruel the southerners were to their slaves, even though she never really
witnessed slavery-social
·
sectional
tensions like the bleeding Kansas and Kansas-Nebraska deal only hightened
slavery, influencing her more- political,
social , economic
·
Civil
War: some people like to say that her book made the southerners and northerners
so mad at each other that they caused the civil war
·
caused
Helper to publish The Impending Crisis of
the South, with illustrated the suffering life of the southern plantation
owner–social effect
·
Socially,
blacks were seen as property and were treated as if they were animals- social
·
To many,
their sole purpose for existence was to provide free labor to their owners- social
·
Many
authors, including Stowe, saw the cruelties that took place, and attempted to
provide methods of freeing the slaves- social
Gadsden
Purchase:
·
building
of Railroads:
·
the
transportation industry was growing past the east into the south and west, but
in order to build a southern rr, they needed more land- economic
·
Mexican
War:
·
because
we won this, we got the land to be motivated to build a RR in the first place.
It was after this that we decided to need more land, because the land was
less mountainous- economic
·
the north
seemed snobbish about this because they thought it was a waste of money, so it
increased sectional tensions
·
south had
a railroad, so people could more there easier- social, economic
John
Brown and his raids:
·
everything
that had to do with slavery, he hated slavery, so anything that promoted it or
protected it is a cause of his raids-political
·
Lecompton
Constitution:
·
this
really made him mad because either way, the people of Kansas would be voting for
slavery- political
·
He was
hung and considered a maryter to the blacks. They respected him
·
it opened
up more the eyes of the congress to do something about slavery because it
brought about so much chaos.
·
Civil
war: John Brown only increased social and economic tensions that they north had
upon the south and vise versa.
Dred
Scott Decision:
·
Dred
Scott lived under slavery and then sued for his freedom based on account of his
long residency in the country
·
It
shocked the country, the south was happy though because they agreed with it-social
·
they
benefited because blacks were slaves and that was that
·
north
continued their resistance to slavery, like Lovejoy- social
·
this new
decision question authority of the 3/5 compromise in the constitution which
clearly forbade congress to deprive people of their property without due process
of law. It also questioned the
constitutionality of things like the 1820 and 1850 compromise causing and
uproar- political
Lincoln- Douglas Debates:
·
Lincoln
wanted to test his presidential candidate- political
·
Lincoln
won the 1860 election, and with him as our president effected many things about
slavery- political
·
we still
have a system where the two candidates debate each other, even a form of debate
that young adults can carry out to (Lincoln-douglas debate).
British
American Tensions:
·
Bitterness
from the Revolutionary War and the War of 1812 existed between the United States
and Great Britain- political
·
Gradual
decline of influence from pro-British Federalists.
·
International
incidences including:
o
A short
Canadian insurrection in 1837
o
Attack on
American merchant vessel Caroline by
British forces
o
Boundary
dispute between Maine and Canada- the “Aroostook War”
King
Cotton-
·
Mechanical
inventions such as the cotton gin greatly reduced labor costs of cotton growth
and made the process far more efficient-economic
·
Abundant
presence of slave labor reduced costs- economic
·
Amicable
climate allowed for growth.
Manifest Destiny:
·
Many
citizens claimed that God himself summoned their drive to the Pacific Ocean- social
·
Expansion
was regarded as a method of spreading the democratic institution loved by
Americans.
·
Many
simply wanted the abundant territory for economic purposes such as mining and
farming- economic
Oregon
Country:
·
Area
jointly held by the United States and Great Britain.
·
Rich
farming soil in river valley region created valley fever, drawing thousands of
American settlers-economic
·
The
population became lopsided: many more Americans that British- social
·
Much
diplomatic conflict regarding situation – after much deliberation, a
compromise was formed.
Mexican-American
War:
·
Mexican-American
tensions grew out of the incident with Texas.
·
Many
Americans saw war as a swift and effective means of acquiring the luscious
farmlands of California, and its accompanying Pacific seaports.
·
Actual
fighting possibly caused by antagonizing actions of General Zachary Taylor.
Acquisition
of California:
·
Americans
yearned for the vast resources that California offered- economic, social
·
The
acquisition of California was essential to the satisfaction of Manifest Destiny-
social
·
Eventually
acquired as a spoil of war from the Mexican-America War.
Important People of the Time Period
· Jasper Francis Cropsey, Asher Brown Durand, Thomas Cole, George Inness: some of the prominent artists of 1812
·
Thomas
Jefferson:designed, dedicated, formed the University of Virginia
·
Emma
Willard: started the school, began the wave of women’s schools
·
Joseph
Smith: Formed church and was killed because of it. His death showed the Mormons that they needed to leave the
East.
·
Harriet
Tubman: lead many slaves through the underground railroad to freedom
·
Zachary
Taylor- president and put Compromise of 1850 through congress which admitted
California as a free state, abolished slave trade in District of Columbia, More
stringent slave fugitive law, slavery left up to states of land won in Mexican
war, Texas received 10 million dollars—If he had not seen this through, then
the Civil war may have started sooner than 1861.
·
President
Pierce: he was an expansionist and dealt with the British in South America
problem with the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty. This
event was significant because it was testing the Monroe Doctrine.
He also saw out the Gadsden Purchase which allowed the southern RR to be
built.
·
Stephen
Douglas: “ little giant” came up with the Kansas- Nebraska Scheme which was
that the Territory of Nebraska would be cut in two territories, Kansas and
Nebraska. Their status regarding
slavery would be settled by popular sovereignty (something he loved). This
proposal was in direct conflict with Missouri Compromise of 1820, which some
people held sacred.
·
Harriet
Beecher Stowe: published Uncle Tom’s Cabin, more on timeline
·
John
Brown: more on timeline, but he also raided Harper’s Ferry
·
Dred
Scott: more on timeline, but he dealt with
·
Chief
Justice Taney: who decided the Dred Scott decision
·
Jefferson
Davis: future president of confederacy
·
Senator
James Henry Crittenden: proposed Crittenden amendments to Constitution designed
to appease south. This was the
final attempt to solve the problem before the war, but Lincoln denied it.
·
William
Lloyd Garrison: Writer of The Liberator,
influenced greatly by the Second Great Awakening, strongly opposed slavery –
one of the first radical abolitionists, he “in a sense fired one of the
opening barrages of the Civil War” (Bailey 372), fierce words antagonized both
the North and South, like Stowe, his influence helped inspire the nationalistic
tone of freedom for all, and idiom commonly associated with America.
·
James K.
Polk: Democratic president from 1845-1849 – first “dark horse” candidate,
essential supporter of attainment of Manifest Destiny, without the assistance of
the Democratic-expansionist Polk, many actions and events contributing to
Manifest Destiny could never have occurred. Consequently, his support of
Manifest Destiny helped to fuel nationalism.
Three Questions related to American Nationalism
1) To what extent did American Nationalism affect the United States economically, politically, and socially from 1810-1860?
2) Assess the validity of the statement. In the years 1810-1860, United States Nationalism made an immense impact on the political, economical, and social issues of the time.
3) Analyze the relative importance of nationalism in the United States from 1810-1860.
Three Links
Relating to American Nationalism
1) http://azimuth.harcourtcollege.com/history/ayers/chapter9/9.4.willard.html
This link is significant because it is a letter from Emma Willard written on female education. Emma Willard was one of the first to open a school for female secondary education. Her work became famous, for many schools began opening in the country. This letter tells her feelings on what education would do for females, and how it is important. This action was one of the first steps to making women equals to men, and improving life for them, a nationalistic ideal.
2) http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/diplomacy/mexico/guadhida.htm
This
link talks about the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848) – The Treaty of
Guadalupe Hidalgo effectively ended the Mexican-American War, and provided the
terms to which reconciliation was to occur. By the conditions of the treaty,
Mexico was to secede land in the southwest to the United States, including
California. California at the time was the dream of those who believed in
Manifest Destiny. Under Manifest Destiny, many Americans thought it was God’s
will to have the American nation stretch from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and
it embodied the nationalistic fervor of the time period. The Mexican-American
War made this dream a possibility, and the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo turned
this possibility into a reality by securing California.
This
is a great link to help understand more the movement out west and the
nationality it brought to people. The westward movement was an event that
heightened Nationalism all throughout the nation. This site does a good
describing the specific details of westward expansion.
Primary Source
Documents
“Treat
‘em like dogs, and you’ll have dogs’ work and dogs’ actions.
Treat ‘em like men, and you’ll have men’s work.”
–Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle
Tom’s Cabin 1852
This
book supposedly could’ve started and finished the war, but either way, it laid
out the moral ideals about slavery, such as the quote above, that Americans
should have with blacks. This eventually brought back the nation again, thus is
indirect nationalism.
Stowe’s views on abolitionism laid the foundation for the country we have today.
This
map shows free and slave states, an issued during the presidential election
campaign
of 1856 of John C. Fremont and William L. Dayton. Deciding which states were free and slave states was a major area of concern for both the north and the south, and although they had different takes on the issue, because they both agreed it needed to be solved, it represents national unity in a different kind of way. During the time period, deciding the slave state issue greatly characterized the nation.
“William
Lloyd Garrison (1805-1879) issued the first number of The Liberator on
January 1, 1831. The radical tone of the paper was unprecedented because it
labeled slave-holding a crime and called for immediate abolition. When the Nat
Turner rebellion of August 1831 escalated Southern fears of slave uprisings,
some Southern states passed laws making circulation of The Liberator a crime and
called for prosecution of Garrison. Although he had detractors, Garrison quickly
became a noted leader of the anti- slavery movement and helped launch the
American Anti-Slavery Society in Philadelphia in 1833. Until he ceased
publication in 1865, Garrison employed the Liberator to advance militant anti-
slavery views. He especially opposed African colonization, as is shown in the
article entitled "Emigration" in column one of this issue.” The
Liberator, May 21, 1831, p. 1 Newspaper Rare
Book and Special Collections Division (59) –The words Garrison wrote and
the effects of those words as illustrated in the quote demonstrate the
nation’s interest during the time period.
Most of the country’s problems resided in slave issues which was
discussed in THE LIBERATOR, therefore making it important to nationalism.